从清明上河图看北宋

从清明上河图看宋朝 The life of Song dynasty through the scroll of Along the River
 * Unit Goals:


 * 1) Develop basic understanding of the difference between cities and outskirts during Song dynasty.
 * 2) Form brief understanding of the historical, cultural, and economic development of Song dynasty.
 * 3) Familiarize self with famous artists, poets, and emperors during Song dynasty.
 * 4) Compare major transportation during Song dynasty.
 * 5) Tell Song people’s occupations based on their clothing style.
 * 6) Tell different shops and its relevance to Song people’s lives.
 * 7) Ask and give directions to a certain place.
 * 8) Gain an insight towards the social structure and social life of Song dynasty.
 * 9) Explain the importance of marine transit to ancient civilizations.
 * 10) Explain the importance of environmental protection and transportation to the development of Song cities.
 * 11) Name some architectural features for the Song buildings and its relevance to people’s lives.
 * 12) Compare the difference between the life of upper class people and lower class people during Song dynasty.
 * 13) Describe the customs and traditions of Qin Ming festival in Song dynasty.
 * 14) Develop logical, visual, and critical thinking skills by observing, comparing, and analyzing pictures, photos and/or artwork.
 * 15) Express personal feelings and gain appreciation of ancient artwork. || Unit Lessons


 * 第一课：汴京的郊外风光
 * Lesson one: The scenery of the outskirts of Bianjing


 * 第二课：宋朝的小贩民生
 * Lesson two: The life of ordinary folks of Song dynasty


 * 第三课：宋朝的上流社会
 * Lesson three: The upper class in Song dynasty


 * 第四课：宋朝的历史简介
 * Lesson four: Brief introduction fo Song history


 * 第五课：宋朝的经济发展
 * Lesson five: The economic development of Song dynasty


 * 第六课：宋朝的文化发展
 * lesson six: The cultural developement of Song dynasty


 * 第七课：宋朝的灭亡
 * Lesson seven: The fall of Song dynasty ||

1000年多前的中国是当时世界上最发达的国家



从公元960年到公元1279年，中国是世界上最发达最先进的国家. 在十三世纪晚期，意大利人马可波罗来到中国，就在他的日记里写下了他所看到的情景.

北宋画家张择端在12世纪画了一幅画，名字叫清明上河图. 在这幅图里，我们可以看到当时北宋的社会生活状况.

宋朝分为北宋和南宋，是中国古代历史上经济和文化教育最繁荣的时代，在农业、制铁业、印刷业上领先世界上任何一个国家. 宋朝的文人地位很高.



因为经济然荣，人们生活优越，人口得到很快的增长. 中国的人口在北宋的时候达到一亿，是当时世界上人口最多的国家. 政府通过考试挑选人才，很多有良好教育的人在政府部门从事各种工作. 北宋的最后一个皇帝宋徽宗特别重视文化教育，他自己就擅长于画画和书法.

北宋的人均GDP达到2280美元，当时国家的GDP占世界的60%. 北宋也是世界上第一个开始使用纸币的国家，有很多的城市，人们的生活很优越.

虽然宋朝的经济文化教育在世界上很先进，但是军事力量却很弱. 在公元1729年，成吉思汗的孙子忽必烈灭忙了宋朝，建立了元朝.

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